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Instalar entorno de desarrollo para Laravel en Ubuntu

Primero asegurarnos de no tener instalado php, en mi caso desinstalo php8 Uninstall php8

$ sudo apt-get purge php8.*
$ sudo apt-get autoclean
$ sudo apt-get autoremove

Instalar NodeJs y npm

Debian and Ubuntu based Linux distributions ubuntu Node.js binary distributions are available from NodeSource.

Node.js v18.x:

Using Ubuntu
curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_18.x | sudo -E bash - &&\
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

Instalar Composer

Download Composer Latest: v2.5.2 

php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
php -r "if (hash_file('sha384', 'composer-setup.php') === '55ce33d7678c5a611085589f1f3ddf8b3c52d662cd01d4ba75c0ee0459970c2200a51f492d557530c71c15d8dba01eae') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"
php composer-setup.php
php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"

Most likely, you want to put the composer.phar into a directory on your PATH, so you can simply call composer from any directory (Global install), using for example:

sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

Para poder usar composer necesitamos primero instalar PHP con xampp.

Instalar Xampp

¿Qué es XAMPP? XAMPP es el entorno más popular de desarrollo con PHP XAMPP es una distribución de Apache completamente gratuita y fácil de instalar que contiene MariaDB, PHP y Perl. El paquete de instalación de XAMPP ha sido diseñado para ser increíblemente fácil de instalar y usar. xampp

Linux Preguntas frecuentes https://www.apachefriends.org/es/faq_linux.html

Acceder a php y mysql desde la terminal Cuando instalamos xamppp se instalo php y mysql, pero tenemos que decirle al sistema de nuestra computadora donde están instalados estos programas para poder usarlos, entonces tenemos que crear unas ligas simbólicas a cada uno de estos programas. Para PHP:

sudo ln -s /opt/lampp/bin/php /usr/bin

Para MYSQL:

sudo ln -s /opt/lampp/bin/mysql /usr/bin

Permisos de Usuario

httpd.conf Open /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf change nobody and nogroup

sudo micro /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf

link 

<IfModule unixd_module>
#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.  
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User nobody
Group nogroup
</IfModule>

Carpeta htdocs Para poder utilizar la carpeta de /opt/lampp/htdocs debemos priemro darle todos los permisos de acceso asi:

sudo chmod -R 777 /opt/lampp/htdocs

How to create Xampp shortcut in Ubuntu’s Start Menu

Xampp shortcut

Recently, I try to install Xampp on Ubuntu, after installing successfully, I recognized that Xampp is not showed up on Ubuntu start menu automatically, then I worked around and found out the solution to create Xampp shortcut on Start Menu.

Firstly, cd to/usr/share/applications then create a new file with extension is *.desktop by opening the terminal then run this command: sudo touch xampp.desktop. Open the new file with super admin right by: sudo gedit xampp.desktop Paste following to the file content:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=XAMPP Control Panel
Comment=Start and Stop XAMPP
Exec=sudo /opt/lampp/manager-linux-x64.run
Icon=/opt/lampp/htdocs/favicon.ico
Categories=Application
Type=Application
Terminal=true

Exec: Command to run the application (with Xampp you need sudo right). Terminal: true if you want to open terminal when running this application. With Xampp I set value is true to type the password of sudo when running the app.

Save the file, now you have the Xampp shortcut available on start menu. Hit Windows button to check it :).

Finalmente instalar aplicación de laravel via composer

Colocarnos en la carpeta:

/opt/lampp/htdocs

Instalar una nueva aplicación de Laravel via composer con:

composer create-project laravel/laravel example1

Para visitar la aplicación abrir navegador y entrar la url:

http://localhost/example1/public/

Una segunda forma de instalar un proyecto de Laravel, es usando el instalador de laravel .

composer global require laravel/installer
 
laravel new example-app
cd example-app
php artisan serve

Error de acceso

Si al tratar de entrar a tu proyecto (http://localhost/example2/public/) nuevo de Laravel y te sale un erro como este:

Esto me funciono!

Instalar
(https://askubuntu.com/questions/64095/change-xampps-htdocs-web-root-folder-to-another-one) 
1. sudo ./your-downloaded-xampp-file.run

2. sudo chown -hR  enrique:root /opt/lampp

3. edit your document root path to mounted windows documentroot and the following lines

<IfModule unixd_module>
   User enrique
   Group enrique
</IfModule>

LAMPP mysql can't create err file and doesn't have uninstall file (https://askubuntu.com/questions/892461/lampp-mysql-cant-create-err-file-and-doesnt-have-uninstall-file)
4. sudo chown mysql:mysql -R /opt/lampp/var/mysql  

5. Trabajar los proyectos en /opt/lampp/htdocs

Listo!

Creating custom local domain

(https://ourcodeworld.com/articles/read/302/how-to-setup-a-virtual-host-locally-with-xampp-in-ubuntu )

  1. Creating custom domain name instead of localhost in Ubuntu
sudo micro /etc/hosts
  1. Al final agregar:
# xampp
127.0.0.5  example1.test
  1. Ahora cambiar la configuración de Apache. Allow the usage of custom virtual hosts:
sudo micro /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf
  1. Des Comentar
# Virtual hosts
Include etc/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
  1. Create your first virtual host:
sudo micro /opt/lampp/etc/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
  1. And create your own virtual host in this file. As shown in our custom domain in the vhost file of the system, the port that we are going to use is 127.0.0.5, therefore our virtual host will be:
<VirtualHost 127.0.0.5:80>
  DocumentRoot "/opt/lampp/htdocs/example1/public"
  DirectoryIndex index.php

  <Directory "/opt/lampp/htdocs/example1/public">
	Options All
	AllowOverride All
	Require all granted
  </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

Para NO perder el acceso al dashboard admin localhost agregar:

<virtualhost *:80="">
  ServerAdmin localhost.admin
  DocumentRoot /opt/lampp/htdocs/
  ServerName localhost
</virtualhost>
  1. Probar el Virtual Host Apagar primero el servidor
sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stop

Volver a Encenderlo:

sudo /opt/lampp/lampp start

Navegar a:

http://example1.test/